Spring-Cloud-Alibaba(2)-搭建项目

微服务环境搭建

本次是使用的电商项目中的商品、订单、用户为案例进行学习。

环境准备

  • maven：3.6.x
  • 数据库：MySQL 5.8
  • 持久层: SpingData Jpa
  • 其他:​ SpringCloud Alibaba 技术栈

模块设计

  • springcloud-alibaba 父工程
  • shop-common 公共模块【实体类】
  • shop-user 用户微服务 【端口: 807x】
  • shop-product 商品微服务 【端口: 808x】
  • shop-order 订单微服务 【端口: 809x】

Snipaste_2021-04-08_16-06-55.png

微服务调用

在微服务架构中，最常见的场景就是微服务之间的相互调用。我们以电商系统中常见的用户下单为例来演示微服务的调用：客户向订单微服务发起一个下单的请求，在进行保存订单之前需要调用商品微服务查询商品的信息。

我们一般把服务的主动调用方称为服务消费者，把服务的被调用方称为服务提供者。

父工程

创建一个maven工程，然后在pom.xml文件中添加下面内容

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
    <artifactId>springCloud-alibaba</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
</project>

官方版本说明

common模块

这里的common模块，按照博猪个人习惯是不会放DTO/VO/ENTITY这些对象的，这个项目案例中目前也没有特别复杂的逻辑，所以也不存放util，这里博猪为了后续方便暂时在pom文件中放一些公共的依赖。

公共依赖：

  • JPA的启动器
  • lombok
  • 数据库连接驱动

pom依赖如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springCloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.56</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

用户模块

pom依赖

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
        <artifactId>springCloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>shop-user</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

项目配置

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server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: shop-product
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.56.120:3306/cloudAlibaba-demo?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

启动器

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/**
 * @ClassName UserApplication
 * @Description 用户启动类
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/4/8 17:19
 * @Company 北京华焱坤泰科技有限公司
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

实体类

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/**
 * @ClassName User
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/4/9 12:13
 * @Company
 */
@Entity(name = "shop_user")
@Data
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    /** 主键 */
    private Integer uId;
    /** 用户名 */
    private String userName;
    /** 密码 */
    private String password;
    /** 手机号 */
    private String telePhone;
}

数据仓储

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/**
 * @ClassName UserDao
 * @Description UserDao
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:08
 */
public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
}

产品模块

pom依赖

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springCloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

项目配置

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server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  application:
    name: shop-product
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.56.120:3306/cloudAlibaba-demo?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

启动类

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/**
 * @ClassName ProductApplication
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:13
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ProductApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class, args);
    }

}

实体类

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/**
 * @ClassName Product
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:16
 */
@Data
@Entity(name = "shop_product")
public class Product {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    /** 主键 */
    private Integer pId;
    /** 商品名称 */
    private String pName;
    /** 商品价格 */
    private Double pPrice;
    /** 库存 */
    private Integer stock;

}

数据仓储

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/**
 * @ClassName ProductDao
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:27
 */
public interface ProductDao extends JpaRepository<Product,Integer> {
}

Service接口

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/**
 * @ClassName ProductService
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:28
 */
public interface ProductService {
    /**
     * 获取指定pId的产品对象
     * @param pId
     * @return
     */
    Product queryById(Integer pId);
}

Service接口实现

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/**
 * @ClassName ProductServiceImpl
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:29
 */
@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;

    @Override
    public Product queryById(Integer pId) {
        Optional<Product> productOptional = productDao.findById(pId);
        if (productOptional.isPresent()) {
            return productOptional.get();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

Controller

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/**
 * @ClassName ProductController
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:43
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
@Slf4j
public class ProductController {

    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;

    @GetMapping("/info/{pId}")
    public Product info(@PathVariable("pId") Integer pId) {
        Product product = productService.queryById(pId);
        log.info("查询到商品:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        return product;
    }
}

测试数据

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INSERT INTO `shop_product`(`p_id`, `p_name`, `p_price`, `stock`) VALUES (1, '小米', 1000, 5000);
INSERT INTO `shop_product`(`p_id`, `p_name`, `p_price`, `stock`) VALUES (2, '华为', 2000, 5000);
INSERT INTO `shop_product`(`p_id`, `p_name`, `p_price`, `stock`) VALUES (3, '苹果', 3000, 5000);
INSERT INTO `shop_product`(`p_id`, `p_name`, `p_price`, `stock`) VALUES (4, 'OPPO', 4000, 5000);

测试

订单模块

pom依赖

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springCloud-alibaba</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>shop-order</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.letcoding</groupId>
            <artifactId>shop-product</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

项目配置

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server:
  port: 8091
spring:
  application:
    name: shop-order
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.56.120:3306/cloudAlibaba-demo?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    properties:
      hibernate:
        hbm2ddl:
          auto: update
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

启动类

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/**
 * @ClassName OrderApplication
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:32
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

实体类

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/**
 * @ClassName Order
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:33
 */
@Data
@Entity(name = "shop_order")
public class Order {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    /** 订单id */
    private Long oId;
    /** 用户id */
    private Integer uId;
    /** 用户名 */
    private String userName;
    /** 商品id */
    private Integer pId;
    /** 商品名称 */
    private String pName;
    /** 商品单价 */
    private Double pPrice;
    /** 购买数量 */
    private Integer number;

}

数据仓储

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/**
 * @ClassName OrderDao
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:35
 */
public interface OrderDao extends JpaRepository<Order,Long> {
}

Service接口

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/**
 * @ClassName OrderService
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:36
 */
public interface OrderService {
    /**
     * 保存订单对象
     * @param order
     */
    public void saveOrder(Order order);

}

Service接口实现

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/**
 * @ClassName OrderServiceImpl
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 19:36
 */
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private OrderDao orderDao;

    @Override
    public void saveOrder(Order order) {
        orderDao.save(order);
    }
}

实例配置

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/**
 * @ClassName BeanConfiguration
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 20:34
 */
@Configuration
public class BeanConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

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/**
 * @ClassName OrderController
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author will
 * @Date 2021/6/20 20:35
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {

    private static final String REST_TEMPLATE = "restTemplate";

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    /**
     * 保存指定产品订单
     * @param pId
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping("/save/{pId}")
    public Order order(@PathVariable("pId") Integer pId, @RequestParam(name = "queryType") String queryType) {
        log.info(">>客户下单，这时候要调用商品微服务查询商品信息");
        Product product = null;
        // 通过restTemplate调用商品微服务
        if (REST_TEMPLATE.equals(queryType)) {
            product = queryProductByRestTemplate(pId);
        } 
        log.info(">>商品信息,查询结果:" + JSON.toJSONString(product));
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setUId(1);
        order.setUserName("测试用户");
        order.setPId(product.getPId());
        order.setPName(product.getPName());
        order.setPPrice(product.getPPrice());
        order.setNumber(1);
        orderService.saveOrder(order);
        return order;
    }

    /**
     * RestTemplate风格查询
     * @param pId    产品id
     * @return
     */
    private Product queryProductByRestTemplate(Integer pId) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8081/product/info/" + pId, Product.class);
    }
}
好好码代码吖 > JAVA > Spring
#JAVA #Spring #SpringCloud #SpringCloud Alibaba
Spring-Cloud-Alibaba(2)-搭建项目
https://github.com/yangxiangnanwill/yangxiangnanwill.github.io/2024/01/03/好好码代码吖/JAVA/Spring/Spring-Cloud-Alibaba(2)-搭建项目/
作者
will
发布于
2024年1月3日
许可协议